isisitemu sokugcina umkhosi wokugcina kwe-110 kV Oil-Immersed Transformer

Ai-110 kV oil-immersed power transformer iyasebenza ngendlela enkulu ekuguqulweni kwesikhathi nekuthumela amandla angaphezulu. Kodwa, i-transformer ayikwazi ukubhekwa ngokwahlukile kusisitemu sokugcina kwenethiwekhi yamandla.

Isisitemu sokugcina kwe-transformer siphakamisa:

• Umsebenzi wokugcina kwe-ground-fault current
• Ukugcina kwe-temporary ne-transient overvoltage
• Ukugcina kwe-protection sensitivity ne-selectivity
• Izidingo zokugcina kwe-transformer insulation
• Ukugcina kwe-system stability
• Ukugcina kwe-personnel ne-equipment safety

Ngakho ke, ukugcina umkhakha wokugcina ngokungafani kungabukho kuphela ukukhetha indlela yokugcina. Kufanele isiqondiswe ngokuhambisana nezindlela zokugcina kwemithambo yezibhamu, indlela yokugcina kwesistimu, ubunzima bokugcina, indlela yokulinda nokugcina kwesibhakabhaka.

Le ngculazi ibonisa izinqumo ezinkulu, izinto eziyinhloko nezinkinga zokusebenza zokugcina umkhakha wokugcina ngokwesibhakabhaka sesibhamu sokugcina esihlukile 110 kV esihlukile ngokwesibhamu sokugcina.

Kubalulekile: Indlela eyodwa yokugcina umkhakha wokugcina kufanele ichazwe ngumsebenzisi wesistimu nokubhalwa kwezinsizakalo zokusebenza kwezinsizakalo. Akufanele ichazwe kuphela ngokulinganisa kwezibhamu zokugcina.

Ubuphi ubunzima bokugcina besibhamu sokugcina se-110 kV?

Lapha kusibhamu sesithathu kusibhamu sokugcina kusobala ngokwesibhamu sokugcina, amathathu amasibhamu asobala kuyilungiselela emanzini. Le ndlela yokugcina iyithi ubunzima bokugcina futhi kusho kahle ngolwimi lwesibhamu sokugcina. N .

Ubunzima bokugcina buya kubeka isikhundla sokugcina sokugcina kusibhamu sokugcina. Kodwa akufanele sibhekele ukuthi ipotensheli yayo ayisikhi kuzo konke.

Ngokusebenza kahle okuphelele, ivolthu yayo kusuka ku-earth ingaba yisilinganiso sesi-0. Ngokwenza isikhundla sokugcina, ukuguqula, ukubhala ngokufanayo kwe-magnetic noma indlela eyingaphansi, ivolthu yendawo yokugcina ingabuyela kakhulu.

Ngoko ke, indawo yokugcina nezinkotho zayo zidinga ukuthi zibhekwe ngokulandela:

• Ukuxhuma kwemithambo
• Indlela esikhethweyo yokugcina
• Ukubhekwa kwesikhundla sokugcina kwesikhundla sokugcina
• Amavolthu okuphazimula okungasemthwakathini
• Amavolthu okuphazimula okuphazimula nasekuhlanganeni
• Isikhathi sokusebenza kwesikhundla sokugcina
• Ukuchaza kwesikhundla sokugcina kwesikhundla sokugcina

IEC 60076-3 isho izinkinga zokugcina zomkhakha, amathesiti we-dielectric nezinkotho zokuhlanganisa kwezinye imithambo nezindawo zokugcina.

Yini TRANSFORMER Ukugcina Kwesibonelo Sokubhala?

Ukugcina kwesibonelo sokubhala kwe-transformer kukuthi kubhalwa ngokupheleleyo isibonelo sokubhala se-winding esihlanganisa amasiko ekhaya.

Ngokwesakhiwo sesikhungo, isibonelo sokubhala singaba:

• Sibhalwa ngokupheleleyo
• Sibhalwa ngaphansi kwesifunda
• Sibhalwa ngaphansi kwesirektha
• Sibhalwa ngaphansi kwesilinganiso esinye
• Sibhalwa ngaphansi kwesitransformer sokubhala
• Sisebenza ngaphandle kokubhalwa ngamathuba athile
• Siqukethe phakathi kwezibhalo nezinqamulelo ngokwesakhiwo sokusebenza esivumelwayo

Indlela yokugcina iyachaza ubukhulu nobunzima bezero-sequence current xa kubhekwa ekuthinteni kwe-phase kwe-earth. Kuyaphatha futhi ukuphakanyiswa kwesikhathi esifushane, ukusebenza kwemithombo yokuqinisa, nokuzimisa kwe-insulation kwe-transformer kanye nezinkampani eziphambanayo.

IEEE C62.92 ibheka izindlela ezibalulekile zokukhetha iziphakamiso zokugcina kwe-neutral ukuze kubhekwe ukulawula kwe-ground-fault current nokuphakanyiswa kwe-overvoltage emithambo yezindustria. Indlela yokuhambisana nge-transmission-system ibheka futhi ukugcina kwe-neutral kwe-transformer nokuspecify kwezinqumo zokugcina.

Kungani i-110 kV transformer ineeding isimo esihle sokugcina kwe-neutral?

1. Ukulawula kwe-ground-fault current

Xa kubhekwa ekuthinteni kwe-phase kwe-earth, isimo sokugcina sibheka indlela yokubuyela kanye nobukhulu bezero-sequence fault current.

Ukugcina umkhakha ngokupheleleyo kungavumela ukuba kukhona ukubaleka kwezinto zokulawula ukugcina okukhulu, kube nesikhundla sokuthi izinto zokulawula zizobona nokususa ukugcina ngokuthe ngokushesha. Ukugcina ngokusebenzisa impedansi kuvumela ukuba ukubaleka kwezinto zokulawula kubhekwe kuvali ethile ekubhalweni, kodwa kusinika isignali esibonakalayo sokulawula.

Indlela eyodwa iyaphenduka ngokuchaza kwesikhundla, indlela yokulawula nokufuna kwezinhlelo zokusebenza.

2. Ukulimita ukubaleka okuxhaswa ngokushesha

Kwesikhundla esingasigcinwa noma esisigcinwa ngokungafanelekileyo, ukugcina kwezinyathelo ezimbili kungabangela ukuthi izivinini sezinyathelo ezingenabugcino kuzoba zihamba phambili. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi izinyathelo zezinkampani, amakhabelo, izinkampani zokuhlanganisa nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zizobhekwa ngokunquma kokugcina.

Isikhundla sokugcina esithengisiwe ngokucophelela sikhuthaza ukuthi umkhakha ushwele futhi ukubaleka okuxhaswa ngokushesha.

3. Ukulawula ukugcina kwezinkampani

Izithransfomasi eziningi zisebenzisa ukulinganiswa kokulinganiswa, okusho ukuthi ubunzima bekulinganiswa phakathi kwe-neutral end kwe-winding kubizwa kune-line terminal. Lokho neutral akufanele kube khona ekhaya kwe-voltage stress engaphezu kwekulinganiswa kwalokho kwalokho.

Kufanele kubonakaliswe ukuthi ukulinganiswa kokulinganiswa kusetyenziswa kungaphandle kwe-design yethransfomasi ne-nameplate—akufanele kubhekwa kuphela ngovoltage rating.

Ukulinganiswa kwe-neutral kungahlanganisa izinto ezilandelayo:

• Isikhombisa sokugcina
• Isikhombisa sokuvikela isibhambo
• Isikhombisa sokuvikela isibhambo sokuzimba
• Isikhombisa sokuvikela isibhambo sokukhula kwesikhathi
• Ukulinganiswa kwe-transformer kwe-differential
• Ukulinganiswa kwe-earth-fault okugcinwa
• Ukulinganiswa kwe-zero-sequence overcurrent
• Ukuvikela phansi kwe-overvoltage

4. Ukuvikela okukhethwa

Indlela esiyaziyo yokugcina i-zero-sequence current iyavumela amarelayi okuvikela ukuthi bahlangele izinkinga zokugcina emhlabeni kunezinkinga zokusebenza noma izinkinga ezingaphansi zezindawo zokusebenza.

Ngokuchaza kwesifunda sokuvikela, i-neutral current ingabhalwa ngokufana ne:

• Ukuvikela phansi kwe-earth-fault overcurrent
• Ukulinganiswa kwe-earth-fault okugcinwa
• Ukulinganiswa kwe-transformer kwe-differential
• Ukujonga ukungafani kwe-neutral
• Ukuthola i-protective-gap current

Izisetingi zokuvikela kufanele zibase kwezifundo zokugcina phansi nokuhlanganisa ukuvikela.

5. Ukuphutha ubunzima bakwesistimu nokuphatha izinkinga

Ukugcina izinkinga ngokushesha nokukhetha kunciphisa umthelela wokugcina phansi kwe-transformer futhi kunciphisa isivumelwano sokuthi izinkinga zokugcina phansi zizofika kumaqondo ayingaphezu kwezindawo eziningi.

Ukugqamisa akususi iziphumo. Isifundo sakho kukuthi kubhekise iziphumo zokugqamisa ngokwelektiriki futhi kusinikeze indlela yokuphatha yemithombo yokuhlinzekela njengoba kubhekiswe.

Izinqambu Ezinkulu Zesistimu Yokugqamisa Uhlangothi Lwesitshilapho

Isistimu sokugqamisa uhlangothi lwesitshilapho sesikhundla se-110 kV singaqondwa izinqambu eziningi. Isimo esihlukene sasikhundla singathinta isimo sokufakwa.

1. Isitshilapho Sokugqamisa Uhlangothi

Isitshilapho sokugqamisa uhlangothi sinesibonelo sekuthintana kwe-metal ekuhlukweni lwesitshilapho nesistimu yokugqamisa yendawo yokugqamisa.

Kungasebenzisa ukusebenzisa ngokusheshayo noma ngokwelektriki, futhi kungaqondwa ukubonisa iposi, ukubheka kanye nokubheka ngendlela yokubheka ngaphandle.

Amathuba okusebenza angafaka:

• Ukukhula kwe-voltage yesistimu
• Ukusebenza kwesikhathi eside, uma kuyadingeka
• I-Current Eyangeniweyo Emva Kusuku
• Ukukhula kwe-current ekhuluma
• Ubungako Besiqiniseko
• Ukuphatha kwezinto zokusebenza
• Umsebenzi wokusebenzisa
• Ukulindelana nendawo
• Izinqumbu zokusebenza ezinye

Isimo seswitch kufanele sibhekwe ngomthetho wokusebenza oqinisekisiwe. Abasebenzi akufanele bakhathazekile ukuthi isikhundla sokungena kufanele sibe yilapho esihlukaniswe noma sibekwe emhlabeni.

Ukushintsha isikhundla sokungena kwesithuthi kushintsha i-impedance yokungena kwenethiwekhi futhi kungahleli:

• Umgcobo wokungena emhlabeni
• Ukuchaza kwe-relay
• Ukuphakama kwevoltage okukhuphukile
• Ukusebenza kwezithuthi ezilandelana
• Ukulungiswa Kukhuselo

Kwakuba kufanele kubhekwe njengesikhundla sezinhlobo, akufanele kube yindlela yezinto zokusebenza ephakathi.

2. Umkhawulo Wokugcina Isibonelo Sokungena Emhlabeni

Umkhawulo wokugcina uyabondela isibonelo sokungena, isikhombisa sokugcina nokugcina kwe-substation.

Kufanele kube yisikhundla sokubhalwa kwesibonelo sokungena nokuphakamisa isikhathi sokusula. Ukudesigna kwayo kufanele kubhekisele ku-:

• Ukuthola kwezinkulu
• Amadragu okuhambisana kwezinkulu
• Ukukhuselela okumele nokwephulayo
• Ukukhuseleka kwezixhobo,
• Ukubondelana kwezinkulu
• Ukuthumela nokubhekisisa izindawo
• Ukubheka nokuzinza ukuzinza

Lapho amakhawulo okugcina akhona, kufanele abondelane nezindawo eziphakanyisiwe ngokulinganayo kwe-grid yokugcina ngokulandela ukudesigna kwe-substation okuvunyelwe.

Inombolo, imithi, kunye nesibonelo sokungena semikhawulo kufanele sibandakanye nezimfundo zomphakathi kunye nezimfundo zasezizweni.

3. Umkhakha wokugcina umkhakha wokugcina

Umhlabathi wokugcina uhlula umoya wokugcina kumhlaba futhi uvelisa isikhundla sokulingana kwezinhlobo zokugcina.

Ukuqondwa kwakho kufanele kubhekiswe kungaphezu kwezinhlobo zokugcina zokugcina kuphela. Izinto eziphambili ziyizinto ezifanele ukubhekiswa ngazo ziyizinto ezilandelayo:

• Umoya omkhulu wokugcina kumhlaba
• Isikhathi sokugcina
• Ukuphambana kwezintlu
• Umbala wokugcina
• Ukulingana kwezinkambo zokugcina
• Umoya wokugcina wokuphuma
• Umoya wokugcina wokuhamba
• Ukuhambiswa kwezimali zokubhekana
• Imiphumela yelayer yesandla
• Ukuvuselela kwe-corrosion
• Amaphakathi ekugcina kwezinto zokusebenza nezindawo zokuphepha

Isidingo sokuqondisa njenge-"ukuguqula kwezinkundla kufanele kube ngaphezu kwe-4 Ω" asifanele ukuthi kusetyenziswe kuwonke umkhumbi wase-110 kV. Ukudesigna okulungile kufanele kubhekwa ngokuzimela kwezinkundla nokuthi kuyafanele kubhekwa ngokwesifundo sokugcina nezinkinga zaseNingizimu Afrika noma zezinkundla zokusebenza.

4. Umkhumbi wokubhekana kwe-neutral

I-surge arrester yametal-oxide ingathunyelwa phakathi kwe-neutral yamashini nezinkundla ukuhlunga izimali zokubhekana ezithile zokubhekana.

Ngemisebenzi yayo engapheli, umkhumbi uyabonisa impedansi enkulu. Uma izimali zokubhekana ziyaphika impilo yayo yokubhekana, uyadlula isurge current futhi uyahlunga uvoltage okuthunyelwa kwe-insulation yomkhumbi.

Ukukhetha umkhumbi kufune ukuchazana kwe:

• Uvoltage lokusebenza ngokuphelele
• Umvolti othenjwa
• Ukuqiniseka kokukhula kwevoltage okuxhaswa ngokuxhasa
• Ukuvalelwa kwesikhathi sokugcina okunominali
• Ukuqiniseka kwe-energi
• Ivoltage esingaphansi
• Ivoltage yokubulawa kwe-neutral yezimoto
• Isimo sokubulawa kwe-system

IEC 60099-4 isebenzisa izi-arrester zemetal-oxide ezingaqondi ukulimita izi-surge kwezisistimu zase-AC eziningi kune-1 kV. IEC 60099-4

Akufanele ukhethwe isi-arrester kuphela ngokulinganisa ivoltage yomthambo wokunominali wozimoto. I-neutral ingayithola ivoltage eyodwa ekupheleni kwe-line.

5. I-Gap Yokubulawa Kwe-Neutral

Igama lokuphakamisa kwezinye zokugcina kungaqondwa phakathi kwe-neutral yomshinana nezulu. Ngemikhosi yezinhle, lingaba yilokungaqondi. Uma uvoltilejhi we-neutral uba ngu-‘sparkover level’ yegama, igama libuyisela futhi libeka indlela yokubhala.

I-‘current transformer’ ingaqondwa kwisikhombiso segama ukuze ukubhala kwegama kwenza isithonjana noma isignali sokuvulwa.

Igama kufanele libhekwe ngokucophelela ngoba ubuhle bako bubhekwa ngokwesizinda ngokulandelayo:

• Uhlobo lwesikhombiso
• Umgcobo wegama
• Ubukhulu bewayiri
• Ukuphakamisa
• Ubukhulu bewayiri nobukhulu bezinga lezinto ezingaphansi
• Uhlobo lwesikhombiso esikweni
• Uvoltilejhi lwesikhathi sokuphakama
• Uvoltilejhi lwesikhathi sokubhala
• Ubungakanani bekuphakanyiswa kwe-neutral

Amagap okuhlinzekisa kungabonisa ukuthi kubhekiswe kwezinye izimpilo zokugqibela kunezinkampani zokuhlinzekisa zemetal-oxide. Ukusebenza kwazo kungabangela ukuthi kubhekiswe kwezinye izimpilo zokugqibela nokuthi kubhekiswe kwezinye izimpilo zokugqibela zokusebenza kwezinsuku.

Kodwa le ngqalasela yomgagula kufanele ibhekiswe kwezindlela zokuhlinzekisa nokuhlinzekisa kwezimpilo, akufanele isukwe kwezinsuku zokuhlinzekisa zezindawo ezingaphansi kwezinye iziprojekthi.

6. Umshini wokubala umkhondo we-neutral

Umshini wokubala umkhondo wesikhathi esihlinzekile kungabona amasignali okubala kwezinhlanganiso zokuhlinzekisa kwezinkampani nokuhlinzekisa kwezinye izimpilo.

Izindlela zokusebenzisa zingaba:

• Ukuvikela umkhondo we-neutral okwengeziwe
• Ukulinganiswa kwe-earth-fault okugcinwa
• Ukulinganiswa kwe-transformer kwe-differential
• Ukuthola i-protective-gap current
• Ukubhala izinto ezithile

Ukulinganisa kwayo, iklasi, ivoltile yokubeka, uburdeni nobukhulu bomkhondo wokusha kufanele kubhekise kwezinhlanganiso zokuvikela nokubhalwa kwezimpilo zokuhlinzekisa.

7. Isikhombisa sokugqibela nokubhalwa kwezimpilo zokuhlinzekisa

I-Counter yekhanda yakhala amaphuzu okukhala kwe-surge arrester. Amathuluzi amaningi akhombisa futhi ukuthi kuyasebenza kwe-leakage current.

Ukuphakama kwesilinganiso sesikhathi sokusebenza kwe-counter akabonisa ngokuzenzakalela ukuthi i-arrester iyasebenza kangako. Kuyabonisa ukuthi amaphuzu okukhala kwenziwe futhi kufanele kubhekwe ngokuhlanganisa ne:

• Amarekordi we-distrubance wesistimu
• Ukusebenza kwe-lightning
• Amaphuzu okuswitching
• Amadirekshini we-leakage current
• Isikhati se-arrester
• Isimo sezinto
• Imithombo yokubheka yomthengi

Ukuxhuma kwe-counter kufanele kube mnyana, ngqo futhi kube nesikhungo esihlanganisiwe ngendlela elungileyo ngoba ukubeka izindlela eziningi zokuxhuma kungahlela ukunciphisa ukusebenza kokulawula.

Izindlela zokusebenza kwe-Surge Arrester ne-Protective Gap ngokuhlanganisa?

Lapho kubekwe kabusha, i-neutral surge arrester ne-protective gap zinconywa ngokujabulisana ukuthintela.

Isikhombisa sokuvikela isibhambo

I-arrester iyachoseni ngokuphakeme ukuthintela i-transient overvoltage futhi uyahlinzekile ukuthintela amandla okuthintela.

Isikhombisa sokuvikela isibhambo sokuzimba

I-gap inokuthintela njengokuthintela okwesibili noma ukuthintela emizimbeni yezilingo zokuthintela okwesibili noma yezilingo zokuthintela zokugcina izinsuku, ngokuchaza kwesikhombiso.

Ukuthintela kabo kufanele kuvumise:

• I-arrester ithintele i-transformer ngendlela yokuthintela yamandla akho.
• I-gap ayisebenzi ngokungafanele kuma-transients amaningi.
• I-gap isebenza kabusha ngaphambi kokuthintela kwe-neutral insulation ngokuchaza kwesikhombiso sokuthintela.
• Ukuthintela kwe-relay kususa i-power-frequency follow current.
• I-arrester ayithintelwa ngokungafanele ngokuthintela okwesibili.

Kuyisiphakade ukuthi kubalulekile ukuthi isikhombisa nokugcina kusebenza ngendlela eyodwa. Ukuphatha kwazo kuchaza ngokwesikhombisa sokuvalelwa, isikhathi sokusebenza, izincazelo zokulondoloza, nokuhlelwa kwe-isiqondiso.

Ukuhlolwa kwezinkambo zokulondoloza kufanele kuzame izindlela zase-IEC 60071-1, okuyinto ekubhekisa ukukhetha amavolti okulondoloza kwezinhloso zokuhlola phakathi kwe-phase ne-earth, phase ne-phase, nokuhlola kwe-longitudinal kwezinhloso zase-AC eziningi kune-1 kV. IEC 60071-1

Izindlela eziphathelene nokugcina i-neutral

Ukugcina okuphelele

I-neutral iyagcinwa kuma-earth ngendlela engekhulu kakhulu yokugcina.

Izincazelo eziphathelene nalo:

• Ukuvalelwa okuphelele kwe-earth-fault
• Isikhathi esihle sokubonisa i-zero-sequence
• Ukubonisa ukugcina ngokushesha
• Kuphula kwezinsuku zokugcina okungafanele
• Izidingo eziningi zokusebenza kokufa

Ukugcina ngokuthintana

Isibonelo sokugcina esihlukile sikhupha umoya wokugcina emhlabeni kuqondiswe ngokubhalwa.

Izincazelo eziphathelene nalo:

• Ukuphula kwemithombo yokuqonda ngokugcina emhlabeni
• Umoya wokuhlolwa owethintanisiwe
• Ukusebenza okuchazwe okwesibonelo sokugcina
• Ukudinga kokuhlola isibonelo sokugcina nokuthintana kwayo

Ukugcina ngokuthintana kwe-reactor

Ukugcina kwe-reactor kuxhupha umoya ngokuthintana kwe-inductive.

Izincazelo eziphathelene nalo:

• Ukubeka phansi kwesikhathi sokugcina kwe-earth-fault
• Ukuziphatha kwe-zero-sequence okuthile ngokwesistimu
• Kudingeka ukufunda kabanzi ngokwezikhathi zokuguqula nokulungisa

Ukugcina kwe-resonant

I-reactor iyathunywa ukuze ikhulume nesikhathi sokugcina kwe-earth-fault sesistimu.

Le ndlela yasemthwakathini yisibonelo esihlukileyo sesistimu sezimitha-voltage ezithile futhi kungasebenzi kusistimu se-110 kV ngaphandle kokufunda kabanzi kwezinhlobo zokusebenza.

Ukugcina kwe-neutral okukhethekile

Emasosobaneni apho amathransformer ayasebenza ngokuphelele, umsebenzisi wesistimu angagcina amathransformer amahlanu amakhethiwe ukuze akhulume nokuziphatha kwe-zero-sequence nokulungisa ukusebenza.

Ukuvula noma ukugcina isikhala sokuqala sokugcina sigcina isimo sokugcina kwe-sistimu esithile. Ngakho-ke kunezindlela zokuxhumana nezindlela zokusebenza zizingenwa.

Ngani ukugcina kwe-neutral kubalulekile ngokwakha nokususa umthelela?

Ukuguqula umshini ungakwakha ukuguqula kanye nokuphakanyiswa kokuvalelwa okufanayo. Isimo sokungabonakali ngokugcina noma ngokuvula kungahambisana nokuvalelwa okukhona kumshini wokuvalelwa okuhlelwa ngokuphakanyiswa.

Izindlela zokusebenza zezindustria eziphakathi zingadinga ukuthi isitsha sokugcina sokungabonakali sibulwe kabefore ukugcina noma ukuvula umshini. Kodwa, lokhu akudingeki ukuba kubhekiswe njengomthetho wokuphelele.

Isimo esihle sokuguqula singaphenduka ngokuzimela ku:

• Ukulinganisa kwemshini yokuvalelwa
• Ukubeka kwemithambo yokuvala
• Inombolo yamashini okugcina amaqhutshwa ngokujikeleze
• Isimo sokugcina kwesistimu
• Izilungiselelo zokuvikela
• Izilungiselelo zokuvikela kokuphakanyiswa
• Izindlela zokusebenza zezindustria eziphakathi
• Amaphenyo okuhambisana nokugcina isibonelo

Abasebenzi kufanele bafunde amazwi okuhambisana okuvumelweyo kwe-substation eyodwa.

Umlambo wokubheka nokuphatha

Ukuphatha kufanele kwenziwe ngabantu abavumelwe ngokwesibonelo ngokusebenza kwezikhungo zokhuseleko zemithambo yezilwanyana.

Isikhungo sokugcina umkhakha wokugcina

Hlola:

• Ukubonisa isikhungo sokuvula nokuvulwa
• Ukulinganiswa kwemikhono
• Izimo zemikhono
• Umsebenzi wokusebenzisa
• Amathambo we-motor ne-amathambo okuhambisana
• Amakhontakti amadala
• Ukubambisana
• Ubuncinane be-insulator nokuphelele kwayo
• Izinkomba zokuchitha okungcono noma ukusondela

Amaphathi okugcina emhlabeni

Lohlola i-:

• Izihlukahluka noma izihlukahluka ezibovu
• Amaphathi abhekwe noma amaphathi abhekwe
• Ukukhuseleka kwezixhobo,
• Ukuchitha okungcono
• Izikhala ezingafanele
• Ukugcina Kwesibhakabhaka
• Izinguqulo ezingavunyelwanga

Isikhombisa sokuvikela isibhambo

Hlola:

• Isimo sesikhumba seporcelain noma sepolymer
• Ukufuthwa nokubhala kwe-discharge
• Ubunzima be-terminal
• Ukuhambisa kwe-ground-lead
• Amaphethini we-surge-counter
• Ukuboniswa kwe-leakage-current, uma kufanele
• Amaphethini e-diagnostic okuchazwa ngumthengisi

Isikhombisa sokuvikela isibhambo sokuzimba

Qiniseka:

• Isimo sesikhumba se-electrode
• Ukuphakanyiswa kwe-gap okulinganayo
• Ukuphakanyiswa
• Ukungavumelekile kwezandla
• Ukubonakala kweminyaka yokuqala yokugcina
• Amaphawu okuhlanganiswa kwe-current-transformer
• Amasiko okusuka kwezinkambo zokufana

Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinkambo zokugcina

Yenza izinspection nezintshayelo ngokwesiqephu sokulungisa isibhakabhaka, futhi kufaka:

• Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinqamulelo
• Ukulinganisa ukuphatha kwezinkambo zokugcina noma ukuphatha kwezinkambo zokugcina
• Ukucinga ngokusebenza kwezinkambo
• Ukuzivocavoca kwezinkambo zokugcina nezinkambo zokugcina emva kokuguqula kakhulu
• Ukuvocavoca ukugcina
• Ukubonakalisa kwezinkampani eziyiswe kabanjwe

Izinkinga eziphathelene nazo futhi iziphumo zazo

Isitawu sesikhundla seswitch esingavumelekile

Isitawu seswitch esingavumelekile singathinta umkhondo wokugcina emhlabeni futhi singasindise isibonelo sesirelay.

Ukuhlukunyezwa kwesikhundla sesineutral

Ukuhlukunyezwa okuphezulu kwe-resistance noma okungasekho kusukela kusukela kungahleli ukuthi kuhlele, kungahleli ukuthi kufanele kuhlele kanye nokuthi ivoltile yomkhondo wesineutral ayikwazi ukubonakala ngokuphelele.

Umdwebo wokugcina emhlabeni owengafanele

Umdwebo ongena kakhulu kwe-thermal noma kwe-mechanical ungafanele ukusebenza uma kukhona umkhondo omkhulu wokugcina emhlabeni.

Isilinganiso sesurge-arrester esingavumelekile

Isurge-arrester esingakwazi ukuzimela ukuthi kwenzeke ukuphakanyiswa kwe-voltage kungenza ukuthi kuhlele kakhulu noma kufanele. Ukuthi isilinganiso sokuzimela sikhulu kakhulu kungazimela isikhundla sesineutral sesitransformer ngokuphelele.

Ukugqibela okungafanelekile okanye ukusetha kwe-protective gap okungafanelekile

Ukuphutha, ubude bephakade noma ukulinganisa okungafanelekile kungathintela ivoltile yokusuka kwe-sparkover futhi kungabangela ukusebenza okungafanelekile noma ukungasebenzi.

Amasethingi okulungiselela okungaqondana

Nakuba isistimu sokugqibela esisethwe ngokufanelekile ayikwazi ukunika ukulungiselela okufanelekile uma amafunksheni we-relay asendaweni ayisethwe noma ayilungiselelwe ngokungafanelekile.

Ulwazi lwe-engineering oludingekile ukwenza ukulungiselela okufanayo

Ngaphambi kokuchaza i-transformer yama-110 kV ne-package yokugqibela yamanzi, umthengi kufanele abone:

• I-voltage yomfanekiso wesisitemu nokuvoltage okukhulu kakhulu kwezinto zokusebenza
• Ifrekhwensi yesisitemu
• I-power elitholakalayo le-transformer
• I-voltage yamagqubu noma ukuxhuma
• Iqembu Lelivhela
• Ukuhlanzwa kwe-insulation esikhaleni sokungabi nesibonelo
• Izinkinga zokuhlanzwa kwe-insulation zokugcina noma zokuhlukaniswa
• Ukulinganisa okuphelele nokuncane kwamandla okwakhiwa emhlabathini
• Isikhathi sokusula ukungabi nesibonelo
• Ukuziphatha kwe-grounding
• Izimo zokusebenza kwe-transformer ngokujabulisa
• Umdlalo wokuhlanzwa wesilinda esinye
• Ukusebenza kwe-surge arrester
• Ubude bemhlabathi kanye nezinga lokuphutha
• Umgeni wemvume
• Izinkinga zokuphakama kanye nezinkinga zokukhula
• I-IEC, i-IEEE, izwe noma izindlela zokusebenza zezindustria zokusebenzisa umsebenzi

Lezi zizindlela zikuvumela ukuthi ubhekele amathuba okusebenzisa izinto zokusebenza nokubhekisa kwezinye izinto zokugcina.

Amasulutioni we-110 kV we-Transformer eziyisisekelo ku-Dingxin Electric

UDingxin Electric uyavamisa amathransfomha ayo esikhundleni somphakathi, amathransfomha ayo esikhundleni somphakathi, nezinto zokugcina ezihlanganisiweyo zokusebenza kwezindustria, kwezindawo zokusebenza kwezindawo zokusebenza, kwezindawo zokusebenza kwezindawo zokusebenza, kwezindawo zokusebenza kwezindawo zokusebenza.

Isigaba sakwesayensi sithola amasulutioni okusebenzisa amathransfomha:

• Ukukhala kwemithuba yokuqala nokuphakanyiswa kwevoltage
• Ukukhala kwemithuba yokuqala
• Iqembu Lelivhela
• Ukukhala kwemithuba yokuqala nokuhlela kwe-OLTC
• Ukukhala kwemithuba yokuqala noma ukukhala kwemithuba yokuqala
• Ukukhala kwemithuba yokuqala nokugcina kwemithuba yokuqala
• Amaphakathi okuhlanganisa kwe-grounding
• Amathransfomha wokungena kwe-neutral
• Amadonga okuhlinzekwa kwe-surge nezindlela zokulinda
• Amaphakathi okukhombisa nokulinda
• Isistimu sokuhlola
• Amaphakathi nezindlela zokuxhumeka kwe-cable
• Izinqinobho zezifundo ze-IEC, ze-IEEE noma zeziprojekthi

Yisizathu sokuphatha isiprojekthi sakho se-transformer se-110 kV

Uyabafuna i-transformer yokuqondisa ye-110 kV eya kumelana nesiprojekthi noma isiphumo sokuhlanganisa ukulanda kwe-neutral?

Thumela i-dingxin electric isithombe sesilayini esinye, isilinganiso se-transformer, isilinganiso se-voltage, indlela yokuhlanganisa kwe-system, isilinganiso se-insulation se-neutral, i-fault current, izimo zendawo nezinqinobho eziphathelene.

Khumbula i-dingxin electric ukuthola isiproposali se-transformer esihlanganisiwe nesiprojekthi futhi ukubheka ngokwemfanekiso.