110 kV Oil-Immersed Transformer Neutral Grounding System

A110 kV oil-immersed power transformer na-eme ihe dị mkpa n'ịgbasozu voltage na n'ịkọwa ihe dị ukwuu nke mmezi. Ma, transformer a enweghị ike ịkọwa ya n'otu ahụ n'ime ntọala nke network electrical.

Sistem ntọala neutral nke transformer na-achọpụta:

• Ihe nke arịrịọ nke ground-fault
• Overvoltage nke oge na nke oge nke ebe a na-akpọ
• Nchịkọta nke ịkpọtụrụ na nchịkọta nke ịkpọtụrụ
• Ihe nke insulation nke transformer
• Stability nke system
• Ihe nke ịjishikwa ndị mmadụ na ihe nke ịjishikwa ihe

Dịka a, ntọala neutral enweghị ike ịbụ otu ihe nke ịkọwa. O kwesịrị inwe nkọwa n'ime ntọala nke winding nke transformer, ntọala nke system, level nke insulation, scheme nke ịkpọtụrụ, na grid nke ntọala nke substation.

Akwụkwọ a pụtara ihe ndị dị mkpa, ihe ndị na-eme ka ọ dị, na ihe ndị na-eme ka ọ dị nke sistemụ ịkọwa nke neutral site maka transformer oil-immersed 110 kV.

Ihe dị mkpa: Ihe ndị na-eme ka ọ dị nke neutral site bụ ihe ndị na-eme ka ọ dị nke onye na-eme sistemụ na ngwaọrụ ndị na-eme ka ọ dị nke sistemụ eletrik. Ọ dịghị ihe ndị na-eme ka ọ dị nke voltage rating nke transformer alone.

Kedu ihe ndị na-eme ka ọ dị nke neutral point nke transformer 110 kV?

Otu mgbe winding nke transformer atọ-phase bụ na-akpọ star, ma ọ bụ wye, otu isi nke winding atọ bụ na-akpọ na otu ihe. Ihe a bụ ihe ndị na-eme ka ọ dị nke neutral point na ọ bụ na-akpọ n'aka nke letra N.

Neutral bụ ihe ndị na-eme ka ọ dị nke ihe ndị na-eme ka ọ dị nke phase-to-earth voltages. Ma ọ bụghị ihe ndị na-eme ka ọ dị nke ọ bụghị ihe ndị na-eme ka ọ dị nke potential ya bụ zero.

N'oge ndị na-eme ka ọ dị nke normal balanced operation, voltage ya relative to earth bụ nke nwere ike ịdị n'okpuru zero. N'oge earth fault, switching event, ferroresonance ma ọ bụ ihe ọzọ ndị na-eme ka ọ dị nke unbalanced condition, neutral voltage bụ nke nwere ike ịgbanwe nke ukwuu.

Nke a na-eme ka ọdịnala nke neutral na ya insulation bụrụ ihe dịka:

• Ihe na-akpọla winding
• Ihe na-akpọla usoro grounding a chọrọ
• Ihe na-akpọla design nke transformer insulation
• Ihe na-akpọla overvoltages nke a na-ahụ maka
• Lightning na switching overvoltages
• Oge ịkwado nke ihe na-akpọla
• Ihe na-akpọla insulation-coordination study nke system

IEC 60076-3 na-akpọla ihe ndị transformer insulation, dielectric tests na external clearances maka winding na terminals nke otu ihe.

Kedu TRANSFORMER Neutral Grounding?

Ihe ịkọwa nke transformer neutral grounding bụ ihe ịkọwa nke neutral nke winding star-connected na ala.

Dịka ọmụmaatụ nke network, neutral nwere ike ịbụ:

• Nkọwa nke ezi uche
• Nkọwa nke na resistor
• Nkọwa nke na reactor
• Nkọwa nke na impedance ọzọ
• Nkọwa nke na grounding transformer
• Eji ya n'ala nke ezi uche dịka ọmụmaatụ
• Eji ya n'ala nke ezi uche ma ọ bụ n'ala nke enweghị nkọwa nke ezi uche n'ala nke ọmụmaatụ nke ezi uche

Ihe ịkọwa nke ezi uche nwere ike ịdetermines ihe ịkọwa nke zero-sequence current n'oge phase-to-earth fault. Ọ na-eme ka ọ dị mkpa nke temporary overvoltage, ihe ịkọwa nke relay ma ọ bụ ihe ịkọwa nke insulation stress nke eji ya n'ala nke transformer ma ọ bụ nke eji ya n'ala nke equipment.

IEEE C62.92 na-akọwa ihe ndị dị mkpa nke eji eme iji hụ nke ọdịnala nke ịkọwa nke neutral grounding maka ịkwado ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ground-fault current ma ọ bụ overvoltage na sistemụ nke utility. Ihe ndị ọzọ nke eji eme na transmission-system na-akọwa ịkọwa nke transformer neutral grounding ma ọ bụ ịkọwa nke grounding equipment.

Kedu ihe bụ ihe kpatara ịkwado nke 110 kV transformer nke ịkọwa nke neutral grounding?

1. Ikwado ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ground-fault current

Ọ bụrụ na ịdị iche iche nke phase-to-earth dị, ihe nke ịkọwa nke neutral bụ ihe kpatara nke ịbụ nke ịdị iche iche nke zero-sequence fault current.

Ihe nke ịkọwa nke neutral nke dị na-eme ka ịdị iche iche nke ground-fault dị elu, iji gosipụta ịdị iche iche nke protection devices maka ịkwado ịdị iche iche ahụ. Ihe nke ịkọwa nke impedance nwere ike ịkwado ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ịdị iche iche nke nke a na-akọwa, mana ọ na-eme ka ịdị iche iche dị n'ime nke ịkwado nke protection.

Ihe nke ịkọwa nke dị mma nwere ike ịbụ nke nke ọnụ ọgụgụ nke network fault, ihe nke ịkọwa nke protection ma ọ bụ ihe nke ịkọwa nke operation.

2. Ikwado temporary overvoltage

Na sistem nke enweghị ihe na-akpọla ya ma ọ bụ nke enweghị ihe na-akpọla ya nke mkpa, ihe nke ọkụ na-aga na ala (earth fault) nke otu faza nwere ike inwe ike ịkpọcha ihe nke ọkụ na ala nke faza ndị ọzọ. Nke a nwere ike inwe ike ịkpọcha ihe nke transformer, cables, switchgear na ihe ndị ọzọ nke na-enye ike ịkpọcha ihe nke na-akpọla ya.

Ihe nke e mechara iji akpọla ya nke dị mma nwere ike ịkpọcha ihe nke neutral displacement na temporary overvoltage.

3. Iji chọpụta ihe nke neutral insulation nke transformer

Transformer ndị ọzọ na-eji graded insulation, nke pụtara na ihe nke na-akpọla ya nke n'okpuru neutral nke winding bụ nke n'ala karịa nke n'okpuru line terminal. Nke a neutral abụghị ịkpọcha ya n'ime ihe nke na-akpọla ya nke e nyere ya.

Ọ bụrụ na graded insulation e ji ere, ọ ga-eme ka ọ dị na design nke transformer na nameplate—ọ dịghị iji ịgbanwe ya na voltage rating alone.

Iji chọpụta ihe nke neutral insulation nwere ike ịkpọcha ihe ndị a:

• Grounding switch
• Surge arrester
• Protective gap
• Neutral current transformer
• Ikwu nke ịkwụsị nke transformer
• Ikwu nke ịkwụsị nke ọkụ na-eme n'ime ụlọ
• Ikwu nke ịkwụsị nke ọkụ nke zero-sequence
• Ikwu nke ịkwụsị nke ọkụ nke neutral

4. Ikwu nke ịkwụsị nke dị ka ihe ọrụ

Nke a na-ekwu na ọkụ nke zero-sequence dị n'ụzọ dị mma, ọ bụrụ na ọkụ nke ịkwụsị nwere ike inwe ike ịkọwa ọkụ nke ụlọ na ọkụ nke ihe ọrụ na ndị ọzọ.

Dịka ihe ọrụ nke ikwu nke ịkwụsị, ọkụ nke neutral nwere ike ịbụ nke a na-eme:

• Ikwu nke ịkwụsị nke ọkụ nke ụlọ
• Ikwu nke ịkwụsị nke ọkụ na-eme n'ime ụlọ
• Ikwu nke ịkwụsị nke transformer
• Ikwu nke ịkwụsị nke ọkụ nke neutral
• Ikwu nke ịkwụsị nke ọkụ nke protective-gap

Ntọala nchekwa ga-adabere na ọmụmụ nhazi nchekwa na nkewa mkpụmkpụ.

5. Ime ka sistemụ kwụsie ike na njikwa mmejọ ka mma

Mwepụ nsogbu ngwa ngwa na nke a họọrọ na-ebelata nrụgide okpomọkụ na nke igwe na transformer ma na-ebelata ohere nke nsogbu mpaghara ịghọ nsogbu sistemụ sara mbara.

Ịtọ ala anaghị ewepụ nsogbu ndị na-adịghị mma. Ebumnuche ya bụ ijikwa mmetụta eletriki ha ma mee ka sistemụ nchekwa ahụ nwee ike ịzaghachi dịka e mere ya.

Isi Ihe Ndị Dị na Sistemụ Ntụgharị Ala Na-anaghị Edebe Ihe Mgbanwe

Nhazi ntọala nke transformer nke nwere ike ịdị iche na nke 110 kV nwere ike ịgụnye ọtụtụ ihe. Nhazi kpọmkwem dị iche iche dabere na ọrụ.

1. Mgbanwe Ala Na-anọpụ Iche

Ihe mgba ọkụ ala na-anọpụ iche na-enye njikọ ígwè a na-achịkwa n'etiti transformer na-anọpụ iche na sistemụ ala substation.

Enwere ike iji aka ma ọ bụ ọkụ eletrik rụọ ya, ọ nwekwara ike ịgụnye ihe ngosi ọnọdụ, mkpọchi njikọ na njikọ njikwa dịpụrụ adịpụ.

Ọkwa achọrọ nwere ike ịgụnye:

• Ọtụtụ nke mgbakwunye nke system
• Ihe ọhụrụ nke ihe ọhụrụ, mgbe e nwere ike
• Akụkụ Ndịda Nke Oge Kecọrọ
• Ihe ọhụrụ nke ihe ọhụrụ nke ihe ọhụrụ
• Lebel Insulation
• Ihe ọhụrụ nke ihe ọhụrụ
• Mechanism Ọnụego
• Ịhụhụ Alai
• Ihe ọhụrụ nke ihe ọhụrụ nke ihe ọhụrụ

Ihe ọhụrụ nke ihe ọhụrụ bụ ihe ọhụrụ nke ihe ọhụrụ. Ihe ọhụrụ nke ihe ọhụrụ anaghị ekwe ya na neutral bụ ihe ọhụrụ nke ihe ọhụrụ ma ọ bụ ihe ọhụrụ nke ihe ọhụrụ.

Ihe ọhụrụ nke ihe ọhụrụ nke transformer neutral bụ ihe ọhụrụ nke ihe ọhụrụ nke network zero-sequence impedance ma ọ bụrụ na ọ nwere ike ịdị iche:

• Ihe ọhụrụ nke ihe ọhụrụ nke earth-fault
• Ihe ọhụrụ nke ihe ọhụrụ nke relay
• Ihe ọhụrụ nke ihe ọhụrụ nke temporary overvoltage
• Ihe ọrụ nke transformer nke na-aga n'otu ahịa
• Mgbochi Ndị Otú Kwesịrị Ebee

Ya mere, ọ dị mkpa ịgbanwe ya dị ka ihe ọrụ nke sistem, adịghị ka ihe ọrụ mekanikal nke na-aga n'otu.

2. Nkọwa nke Neutral Grounding Conductor

Nkọwa nke grounding na-enye aka na neutral terminal, grounding switch ma ọbụ substation grounding grid.

Ọ ga-eme ka ọ dị mkpa ịgbasuo ya nke ihe ọrụ nke fault current na clearing time. Ihe ọrụ ya ga-eme ka ọ dị mkpa ịgbasuo ya nke:

• Ihe ọrụ nke thermal withstand
• Ihe ọrụ nke electrodynamic forces
• Ihe ọrụ nke mechanical protection
• Nsonaazụ
• Ihe ọrụ nke connection reliability
• Ihe ọrụ nke routing na clearances
• Ịkọwa na ngwaọrụ ịkwado

Ebe ọ dị mkpa ịkpata ndị na-eme ka ọ dị n'okpuru, ha ga-eme ka ha kpọtụrụ n'ime ihe ọ bụla nke grid nke ịkpata n'okpuru nke ọ bụla nke ịkpata nke substation nke e nyere aka.

Ọnụọgụ, ihe ọ bụla na ụzọ nke ọ bụla nke conductors ga-eme ka ha gbasara ụlọ ọrụ nke project na ụlọ ọrụ nke obodo.

3. Grid nke ịkpata nke substation

Grid nke ịkpata na-akpata ọsọ nke ịkpata n'ala na na-akpata ihe ọ bụla nke ịkpata nke substation.

Ihe ọ bụla nke ọ dị mkpa ga-eme ka ha gbasara ọnụọgụ nke ịkpata nke ala. Ihe ọ bụla nke dị mkpa bụ:

• Ọnụọgụ nke ọsọ nke ịkpata nke ala
• Òtùrụ nke Njehie
• Ihe ọ bụla nke ịkpata nke ala
• Geometry nke grid
• Ihe ọ bụla nke conductor nke ịkpata nke ọsọ
• Ihe ọkụ nke ụzọ
• Ihe ọkụ nke ịkpọ
• Ihe ọkụ nke ịguzo
• Ihe ndị dị n'ala nke ụzọ
• Ihe ọkụ nke ịgbaghara
• Ihe ndị na-ekpọta na ngwaọrụ na mpaga

Ihe ọkụ nke iji gburugburu ebe ọ bụla nke 110 kV enweghị ike ịbụ ihe ọkụ nke iji gburugburu ebe. Ihe ọkụ nke iji gburugburu ebe ga-eme ka ọ dị mma bụ ihe ọkụ nke iji gburugburu ebe nke a na-achọ maka ihe ọkụ nke iji gburugburu ebe na ihe ọkụ nke iji gburugburu ebe nke nchịkọta na ihe ọkụ nke iji gburugburu ebe nke nchịkọta.

4. Ihe ọkụ nke neutral surge arrester

Ihe ọkụ nke metal-oxide surge arrester nwere ike ịbụ n'etiti transformer neutral na ala maka ihe ọkụ nke iji gburugburu ebe nke ihe ọkụ nke iji gburugburu ebe nke ihe ọkụ nke iji gburugburu ebe.

N'oge ihe ọkụ nke iji gburugburu ebe, ihe ọkụ nke iji gburugburu ebe na-akpọ ihe ọkụ nke iji gburugburu ebe. Mgbe ihe ọkụ nke iji gburugburu ebe na-akpọ ihe ọkụ nke iji gburugburu ebe, o na-akpọ ihe ọkụ nke iji gburugburu ebe na ihe ọkụ nke iji gburugburu ebe nke ihe ọkụ nke iji gburugburu ebe.

Ihe ịchọ arrester nwere ike ịdị n'otu na:

• Voltage nke ịdị n'otu
• Nkwerẹ mmepụta
• Ike nke ịdị n'otu nke voltage nke ọgụgụ dị ọnụ
• Ihe ịdị n'otu nke ịkụzọ current
• Ike nke ịkụzọ energy
• Voltage nke ịkụzọ residual
• Ihe ịdị n'otu nke insulation nke transformer neutral
• Ihe ịdị n'otu nke system grounding

IEC 60099-4 na-eme ka arrester metal-oxide nke enweghị gap bụ isi ihe nke ịkụzọ surges n'ime AC systems nke dị elu karịa 1 kV. IEC 60099-4

Onye nwere ike ịghọta arrester nke ọkụ na-eme ka ọ ghọta ya n’ihe dịka voltage nke system nke transformer. Nchịkọ nwere ike ịnọgide voltage dị iche iche n’ihe dịka line terminals.

5. Nchịkọ nke Protective Gap

Nchịkọ nke protective air gap nwere ike ịbụ na mpaghara nchịkọ nke transformer na earth. N’ime ihe ndị dị mma, ọ tetere n’ime ihe na-eme ka ọ ghọta ya. Otu oge mgbe voltage nke nchịkọ gafere level nke sparkover nke gap, air gap ga-achọpụta ma nye usoro nke ịkpọ ọkụ.

Nchịkọ nke current transformer nwere ike ịbụ na circuit nke gap maka iji mee ka ọkụ nke gap gbakwunyere alarm ma ọ bụ signal nke ịkpọ ọkụ.

Gap a na-achọpụta n’ihe dị mkpa maka ọ na-eme ka ọ ghọta ya n’ihe dịka:

• Akara nke electrode
• Ogologo nke gap
• Densiti nke air
• Ọkụlụ
• Umu nke humidity na contamination
• Geometry nke installation
• Igwe ozi nke ihe ngwongwo
• Igwe ozi nke ihe ngwongwo nke ihe ngwongwo
• Ihe ngwongwo nke neutral

Nke a na-eme n'ime ihe ngwongwo nwere ike inwe ihe ngwongwo nke ihe ngwongwo karịa nke arụ ọrụ metal-oxide. Ihe ngwongwo ya nwee ike ịmepụta ihe ngwongwo nke ihe ngwongwo na ihe ngwongwo nke ihe ngwongwo.

Ihe ngwongwo nke ihe ngwongwo ga-eme n'ime ihe ngwongwo nke ihe ngwongwo na ihe ngwongwo nke ihe ngwongwo, ọ bụghị n'ime ihe ngwongwo nke ihe ngwongwo nke ihe ngwongwo nke ihe ngwongwo nke ihe ngwongwo.

6. Ihe ngwongwo nke ihe ngwongwo nke neutral

Ihe ngwongwo nke ihe ngwongwo nke neutral nwere ike ịmepụta ihe ngwongwo nke ihe ngwongwo nke transformer na ihe ngwongwo nke ihe ngwongwo.

Ihe ngwongwo nke ihe ngwongwo nke ihe ngwongwo:

• Ihe ngwongwo nke ihe ngwongwo nke neutral
• Ikwu nke ịkwụsị nke ọkụ na-eme n'ime ụlọ
• Ikwu nke ịkwụsị nke transformer
• Ikwu nke ịkwụsị nke ọkụ nke protective-gap
• Ihe ngwongwo nke ihe ngwongwo

Ihe ọkụrụ ya, klasị ya, ozi nke ihe ọkụrụ nke voltage, ihe ọkụrụ nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru, na ihe ọkụrụ nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru nke oge ọkụrụ kachasị ọkụrụ ga-eme ka ọ dị mfe maka ihe ọkụrụ nke relay na ihe ọkụrụ nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru nke a chọrọ.

7. Ihe ọkụrụ nke ihe ọkụrụ nke ihe ọkụrụ na ihe ọkụrụ nke ihe ọkụrụ nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru

Ihe ọkụrụ nke ihe ọkụrụ nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru na-akọwa ihe ọkụrụ nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru. Ihe ọkụrụ ndị ọzọ na-akọwa ihe ọkụrụ nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru.

Ihe ọkụrụ nke ihe ọkụrụ nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru enweghị ike inwe ihe ọkụrụ nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru. O na-akọwa ihe ọkụrụ nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru na e nwere ike ịkpọtụrụ ya n'ime ihe ọkụrụ nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru:

• Ihe ọkụrụ nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru
• Ihe ọkụrụ nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru
• Ihe ọkụrụ nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru
• Ihe ọkụrụ nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru
• Ihe ọkụrụ nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru
• Ihe ọkụrụ nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru nke ihe ọkụrụ nke aru
• Ihe ọrụ nke onye na-eme iji

Ihe na-akpọ ụzọ nke counter ga-abụghị ogologo, ga-akpọ ụzọ nke ọdịnala ma ọ bụrụ na e nwere ike ịkpọ ụzọ nke ọdịnala maka ịkwado ihe ọrụ nke ịkwado.

Kedu otú arrester nke surge na protective gap na-aga n'ihu?

Ogologo oge a na-eme iji ha abụọ, arrester nke neutral na protective gap na-eme iji n'ime ọdịnala nke ịkwado.

Surge arrester

Arrester ga-achọwa ịkwado nke overvoltage nke transient ma jiri ya mee ihe ọrụ nke ịkwado nke dị mfe ịhụ.

Protective gap

Gap ga-eme ihe ọrụ nke ịkwado nke mbụ ma ọ bụ ga-eme ihe ọrụ nke overvoltage nke temporary ma ọ bụ power-frequency, dịka ihe ọrụ nke scheme ahụ.

Ihe ọrụ nke ha n'ime ọdịnala ga-eme ihe ọrụ nke:

• Arrester ga-eme ihe ọrụ nke ịkwado transformer n'ime ihe ọrụ nke energy ya.
• Gap ga-agba ọsọ na-eme ihe ọrụ nke ordinary transients.
• Gap ga-eme ihe ọrụ n'ime oge nke neutral insulation ga-aga n'ihu n'ime ihe ọrụ nke ha na-eme ihe ọrụ.
• Ihe nchịkọta relay na-eme ka ihe nchịkọta ọkụ na-aga n'ihu nke mgbakwunye nke mgbakwunye.
• Ihe nchịkọta enweghị ike ịbụ na ihe nchịkọta ahụ na-aga n'ihu nke ohere nke mgbakwunye nke ohere.

Enweghị ike inwe ihe nchịkọta na ihe nchịkọta ahụ na-aga n'ihu nke ohere nke ohere. Ihe nchịkọta ha na-aga n'ihu nke ihe nchịkọta nke ohere, ohere nke ohere, ihe nchịkọta nke ohere na ihe nchịkọta nke ohere.

Ihe nchịkọta nke ihe nchịkọta na-aga n'ihu nke IEC 60071-1, nke na-aga n'ihu nke ihe nchịkọta nke ohere nke ohere, nke ohere nke ohere na nke ohere nke ohere nke AC nke ohere nke 1 kV. IEC 60071-1

Ihe nchịkọta nke ohere nke ohere

Ihe nchịkọta nke ohere nke ohere

Ihe nchịkọta nke ohere nke ohere na-aga n'ihu nke ohere nke ohere nke ohere nke ohere.

Ihe ndị dị mkpa nke ihe a:

• Ihe nchịkọta nke ohere nke ohere nke ohere
• Ihe nchịkọta nke ohere nke ohere nke ohere
• Nkọwa ụfọdụ nke ọtụtụ
• Nta nke ọtụtụ nke ọtụtụ
• Ihe ọzọ nke ịkwado ụfọdụ

Nkọwa nke ọtụtụ

Onye nkọwa nke ọtụtụ na-eme ka ọtụtụ nke ọtụtụ ga-aga n'akụkụ nke ọtụtụ.

Ihe ndị dị mkpa nke ihe a:

• Nta nke ịkwado ihe nke ọtụtụ nke ọtụtụ
• Ọtụtụ nke ịkwado nke ọtụtụ
• Nkọwa nke ọtụtụ nke ọtụtụ nke ọtụtụ
• Ihe ọzọ nke ịkwado nke ọtụtụ nke ọtụtụ na nke ọtụtụ

Nkọwa nke ọtụtụ

Onye nchịkọta ihe ọjọọ na-achịkọta ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ihe ọjọọ n'ime ihe ọjọọ nke inductive impedance.

Ihe ndị dị mkpa nke ihe a:

• Ihe ọjọọ nke earth-fault dị elu
• Ihe ọjọọ nke zero-sequence nke sistemụ
• Ihe ọjọọ nke ịkwado ọnụ ọgụgụ nke transient na protection studies

Resonant grounding

Onye nchịkọta a na-akwado ịkpata ihe ọjọọ nke earth-fault nke network.

Nke a bụ ihe ọjọọ nke e ji eme ihe ọjọọ nke medium-voltage networks ma ọ bụghị ihe ọjọọ nke ịkwado ya na 110 kV winding wee ghara ịkwado ya n'ime system study.

Selective neutral grounding

Na substations nke transformers nwere ike ịdị n'ime parallel, onye nchịkọta sistemụ nwere ike ịgbanwe neutrals nke transformer ọzọ iji gbanwe ihe ọjọọ nke zero-sequence na performance nke protection.

Ịgbanwe ọnụ ọgụgụ nke neutral switch bụ ihe ọjọọ nke ịgbanwe ihe ọjọọ nke sistemụ niile nke e jikọtara. Ihe ọjọọ nke interlocking na operating procedures bụ ihe ọjọọ.

Kedu ihe bụ mkpa ịgbakwunye nke neutral site n’ime ịkpọ ụzọ na ịkwụ ụzọ?

Ịkpọ ụzọ transformer nwere ike ịmepụta overvoltage nke dị ọnụ ọgụgụ na nke dị oke. Ọdịnala nke neutral site n’ime ịkpọ ụzọ ma ọ bụ ịkwụ ụzọ nwere ike ịdị iche iche n’ime voltage stress nke e jiri mee na winding nke dị na insulation graded.

Iwu nke ụlọ ọrụ nke ịkpọ ụzọ nwere ike ịkọwa na ịkwụ ụzọ nke neutral grounding kwesịrị ịbụ n’ime mbụ n’ime ịkpọ ụzọ ma ọ bụ ịkwụ ụzọ nke transformer. Ma otú a, ọ ghọtara na ọ bụ ihe nke dị ka rule nke niile.

Ihe nke dị mkpa n’ime ịkpọ ụzọ dị n’ụzọ dị iche iche nwere ike ịdị n’ihe ndị a:

• Ihe nke transformer insulation design
• Ihe nke circuit-breaker arrangement
• Ihe nke transformer nke dị n’ime parallel
• Ihe nke system grounding configuration
• Ihe nke protection settings
• Ihe nke surge-arrester ratings
• Ihe ọrụ nke ụlọ ịsọ ọrụ
• Ihe ndị banyere ịgbanwe na ịkọwa ihe ọ bụla

Ọrụ ndị ịsọ ọrụ ga-eme ihe ndị a na-akwado maka ụlọ ịsọ ọrụ ahụ.

Akụkọ ịkọwa na ịkwado ọrụ

Ịkwado ọrụ ga-eme site na ndị na-akwado ya n'ime ihe ndị ọrụ nke ụlọ ịsọ ọrụ.

Ihe ịgbanwe nke ọnụ ọgugu

Kọwaa:

• Ihe ịgbanwe na ịgbanwe nke ọnụ ọgugu
• Ihe ịgbanwe nke ọrụ
• Ihe ịgbanwe nke ọrụ
• Mechanism Ọnụego
• Okpuru na ihe ngosi nke mgbakwunye
• Ihe ngosi nke mgbakwunye
• Interlocking
• Nkọwa nke ihe ngosi na ihe ngosi ya
• Ihe ndị na-egosi ịdị ọcha ma ọ bụ ịgbanwe

Ihe ngosi nke mgbakwunye

Gbochie ihe ndị a:

• Ihe ngosi dị ọcha ma ọ bụ ewu ewu
• Ihe ngosi dị ọcha ma ọ bụ ihe ngosi dị ọcha
• Nsonaazụ
• Ịdị ọcha nke ihe ngosi
• Ihe ngosi nke ihe ngosi
• Ihe ọkụlụ nke ọkụlụ
• Ihe ndị ọ dịghị ike ịgbanwe

Surge arrester

Kọwaa:

• Otu ọkụlụ ma ọ bụ ihe nke polymer
• Ihe ndị e jiri gbaa ya na ihe ndị e jiri gbaa ya
• Ihe ndị e jiri gbaa ya
• Ihe ndị e jiri gbaa ya
• Ihe ndị e jiri gbaa ya
• Ihe ndị e jiri gbaa ya, mgbe e nwere
• Ihe ndị e jiri gbaa ya

Protective gap

Kwenye:

• Otu ụzọ elektroda
• Nkọwa nke ọnọdụ nke ịbụ n'ime
• Ịkọwaa
• Mmetọ e metọrọ n'elu ala
• Ihe a na-ekwu na ọ dị mma nke ịbụ n'ime
• Nkọwa nke transformer nke ihe ọ bụla
• Nkọwa nke ọdịnala nke ọdịnala

Nkọwa nke ọdịnala

Gosipụta ịkọwaa na ịgbakwunye dịka nke ọdịnala nke substation, gụnyere:

• Nkọwa nke ịkọwaa
• Nkọwa nke ọdịnala ma ọ bụ nkọwa nke ọdịnala
• Nkọwa nke ọbara
• Ihe ịmata na ntụgharị nke voltage nke ịbụ ndịda na ịbụ nke ọkụ n’ime ụlọ ọgwụ nke ọkụ nke ọkụ
• Ihe ịmata nke ịkụrụ
• Ịkọwa nke ngwaọrụ ọhụrụ nke e jikwara

Ihe ọhụrụ na ha nwere ike ịbụ ihe ọhụrụ

Ntụgharị nke ọkụ nke ọkụ nke ọkụ

Ntụgharị nke ọkụ nke ọkụ nke ọkụ nwere ike ịgbanwe ihe ọkụ nke ọkụ nke ọkụ na-eme ka ọkụ nke ọkụ nke ọkụ abụghị ihe ọhụrụ.

Ntụgharị nke ọkụ nke ọkụ nke ọkụ

Ntụgharị nke ọkụ nke ọkụ nke ọkụ nwere ike ịgbanwe ihe ọkụ nke ọkụ nke ọkụ na-eme ka ọkụ nke ọkụ nke ọkụ abụghị ihe ọhụrụ.

Ntụgharị nke ọkụ nke ọkụ nke ọkụ

Onye na-akpọgharị nke enweghị ike ịkpa ọkụ ma ọ bụ ike ịkpa nke mfe ga-aga n'oge mgbe nke a na-akpọgharị nke mfe nke ike dị elu.

Ihe nke akpọgharị nke ike nke nwere ike ịbụ nke dị elu

Onye na-akpọgharị nke enweghị ike ịkpa ọkụ nke oge dị elu ga-akpọgharị ma ọ bụ ga-aga. Ihe nke akpọgharị nke dị elu ga-enyekwa ọnụ ọgụgụ nke transformer nke enweghị ike ịkpa ọkụ.

Ihe nke akpọgharị nke eburu n'okwu ma ọ bụ nke eburu n'okwu nke dị elu

Ihe nke eburu n'okwu, oke nke ụlọ ma ọ bụ nke eburu n'okwu nke dị elu ga-eme ka ihe nke akpọgharị nke dị elu ga-aga ma ọ bụ ga-aga n'oge nke eburu n'okwu.

Ihe nke akpọgharị nke enweghị ike ịkpa ọkụ

Ebe nke akpọgharị nke dị elu nke eburu n'okwu nke dị elu anaghị ekwe ya ịkpọgharị nke dị elu ma ọ bụ nke eburu n'okwu nke dị elu anaghị ekwe ya ịkpọgharị nke dị elu.

Ihe nke akpọgharị nke dị elu nke eburu n'okwu nke dị elu

N'ime ịkpọgharị nke transformer nke 110 kV ma ọ bụ nke eburu n'okwu nke dị elu, onye nchita ga-achọ:

• Ihe nke akpọgharị nke dị elu nke sistem ma ọ bụ nke eburu n'okwu nke dị elu
• Ihe ọkụrụ nke sistem
• Ihe ọkụrụ nke transformer
• Ihe ọkụrụ nke winding na ihe ọkụrụ nke iji ha mee
• Vector group
• Ihe ọkụrụ nke neutral insulation
• Ihe ọkụrụ nke full ma ọ bụ graded insulation
• Ihe ọkụrụ dị elu na dị nta nke earth-fault current
• Oge nke ịkpọgha ihe ọkụrụ
• Ihe ọkụrụ nke grounding philosophy
• Ihe ọkụrụ nke transformer parallel-operation conditions
• Ihe ọkụrụ nke protection single-line diagram
• Ihe ịrụ ya n'ime ịgba ozi
• Ọkara nke ahịa na nguzo ike nke ọkụ
• Nzụrụ Ọsọ
• Ihe ndị a na-eme maka ịgba ozi na ihe ndị a na-eme maka ọkụ
• Ihe ndị a na-eme maka IEC, IEEE, nke oru nke ebe ahịa ma ọ bụ nke oru nke ebe ahịa

Ihe ndị a na-eme ka ọ dị mkpa maka ịgba ozi na ịgba nke ihe ndị a na-eme maka ịgba ozi.

Ihe ndị a na-eme maka 110 kV Transformer nke Dingxin Electric

Dingxin Electric na-eme ihe ndị a na-eme maka oil-immersed power transformers na ihe ndị a na-eme maka transformer accessories maka utility, industrial, renewable-energy na infrastructure projects.

Ebe ndị a na-eme maka engineering ga-eme:

• Rated capacity na voltage ratio
• Transformer impedance
• Vector group
• Gbasaa ọkwa na ntọala OLTC
• Mgbasawo nke ukwuu ma ọ bụ nke nta
• Ntọala nke neutral na ntọala nke ngwakọta
• Ntọala nke ngwakọta-ịkwakọ
• Ntọala nke transformer nke arusio nke neutral
• Ntọala nke arusio nke ọkụ na ntọala nke ịkwakọ nke ọkụ
• Ntọala nke ngwakọta na ntọala nke ịkwakọ
• Sistemu nchekwa
• Ntọala nke bushings na ntọala nke kable
• Ihe ndị dị mkpa nke IEC, IEEE ma ọ bụ ihe ndị dị mkpa nke projek

Kọwaa projek transformer gị nke 110 kV

Kpọrọ ọdịnala 110 kV nke e jiri ọlịlị mee ma ọ bụ ụzọ nke ịkpọta ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọdịnala?

Kpọtụrụ Dingxin Electric ihe ndi dị ka ụdị otu-lain, ọdịnala nke ọdịnala, ọdịnala nke ọdịnala, ụzọ nke ịkpọta ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọdịnala, ọdịnala nke ọnụ ọgụgụ, ọdịnala nke ọdịnala, ọdịnala nke ọdịnala na ọdịnala nke ọdịnala.

Kpọtụrụ Dingxin Electric maka ọdịnala nke ọdịnala nke ọdịnala na ọdịnala nke ọdịnala.